Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD for a child is one of the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders among children, although it also occurs in adults. ADHD is a neurological deficit classified as "metabolic encephalopathy" affecting the release and homeostasis of neurological chemicals and the functioning of the limbic system.
The definition of ADHD defines three subtypes of ADHD: Predominantly Inattentive, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive, and Combined Type.
It is estimated that between 3 and 5 percent of children have ADHD, or approximately 2 million children in the United States.
In order to achieve his or her full potential, a child with Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder should receive help, guidance, and understanding from parents, guidance counselors, and the public education system.
Although most diagnoses of ADHD are made for children, the DSM definitions of ADHD do not confine the disorder solely to childhood and in fact many adults are also diagnosed.
Current theory holds that approximately 30% of children diagnosed retain the disorder as adults.
Although the disorder may not have been diagnosed in an individual during childhood, it is also currently thought that all adults with Adult attention-deficit disorder (AADD) had it in childhood.
Hyperactivity and other symptoms may be less noticeable in adults with ADD/ADHD who have learned better coping skills and other forms of adaptive behavior than they had as children.
Particularly in adults, studies have shown a high correlation between ADHD and creativity. Many painters and performing artists seem to show significant evidence of ADHD, particularly those drawn to improvisational humor and stand up comedy.
